Peugeot 405 (1988-1997) - 3,461,800
The Peugeot 405 is a large family car released by the French automaker Peugeot in July 1987 and which continues to be manufactured under licence outside France. It used TU/XU petrol and XUD diesel engines. The 405 was voted European Car of the Year for 1988 by the largest number of votes in the history of the contest. About 2.5 million vehicles have been sold worldwide in left-hand and right-hand-drive versions, as a berline (saloon) and break (estate). No coupé was offered to the public, unlike the 504 and 406, as only two examples of the purpose-built 405 Turbo-16 (not to be confused with 405 T16) were made. The appearance of the car bears similarities to those of the Alfa Romeo 164, launched the same year and also styled by Pininfarina.
Peugeot 405s are popular models in Thailand, following the success of the Peugeot 505 after the Thai government cancelled a restriction on CBU car imports in the late-1980s. The 405 was available in GR and SR forms with 1.6 or 2.0-litre petrol engines, MI16 models being introduced in the mid-1990s alongside injection models after the government's announcement that all cars required a Catalytic Converter from 1993.
It has been available in left-hand and right-hand-drive versions, as a saloon and estate, in front-wheel, and four-wheel drive. Designed by Pininfarina, the 405 shares its platform with the Citroën BX that appeared in 1982, although the physical appearance of the two cars is very different.
Iranian variants
Iran Khodro also produces several models derived from the 405. The Peugeot Pars,
also known as the Peugeot Persia, is a facelifted 405 with a redesigned
front end including clear lamp lenses and a revised rear. The Peugeot RD is a rear wheel drive car which has a 405 body and mechanical parts from the Paykan. Since 2006, it has been sold in certain Middle Eastern markets as the Peugeot
ROA.
ROA.
The Samand
The Samand, which was designed to be a "national car" for Iran, is also based on the 405 platform. It replaced the long-running Paykan which was itself based on the Hillman Hunter, an ancestor (in corporate ownership and model positioning terms) of the 405, having been produced by the Rootes Group and Chrysler UK from 1963 until 1979 - the year that Peugeot purchased Chrysler's European operations.
Peugeot Pars
The Peugeot Pars (Persian: پژو پارس) also known as Peugeot Persia is an Iran Khodro product. After 10 years of manufacturing Peugeot 405 in Iran Khodro company, Peugeot Persia was designed as a facelift of the 405. Peugeot Persia was soon renamed to Peugeot Pars because of local copyright problems. Peugeot Pars had been made in 3 models Pars, Pars 16V, and Pars ELX. The 16V and ELX models use a more powerful PSA 16 valve engine and a few extra facilities.
The Paykan
The Paykan (Persian: پيکان) was an automobile produced by the Iranian company Iran Khodro (formerly called "Iran National") Industrial Group. The car was very popular in Iran from the late 1960s to the late 1990s. It is often referred as the Iranian "chariot". The Paykan design was based on the 1967 Hillman Hunter, which was originally designed and manufactured by the British Rootes Group. The design was introduced to Iran by Mahmoud Khayami, co-founder and, by then, owner of the Iran Khodro (formerly called "Iran National") company and factory, who accurately predicted that Iran was in need of a simple "no-frills" automobile within the price range of ordinary people
پـِیکان نام گونه‌ای خودروی سواری ایرانی است که شرکت ایران خودرو تولید آن را از سال ۱۳۴۶ خورشیدی آغاز کرد و در حدود ۴۰ سال آن را ادامه داد. از سال ۱۳۴۶ پیکان با دو مدل دولوکس و کارلوکس به بازار عرضه شد و در این سال وانت پیکان و تاکسی پیکان هم به آن اضافه شد و پیکان اتوماتیک نیز در سال ۱۳۴۹ به تولیدات افزوده شد. در سال ۱۳۵۰ و ۱۳۵۱ شش مدل پیکان تولید می‌شد که عبارت بود از دولوکس، وانت، کار، جوانان، تاکسی و اتوماتیک.
